February Heart Health Awareness Month

February is Heart Health Awareness Month: Understanding Lipoprotein(a) Screening

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. February’s Heart Health Awareness Month is a great time to learn about risk factors and prevention. One important factor is lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], which can increase the risk of heart disease. In 2019, the National Lipid Association (NLA) issued guidelines on who should get tested for Lp(a).

What is Lipoprotein(a)?

Lp(a) is a type of cholesterol similar to LDL but with an extra protein called apolipoprotein(a). High levels of Lp(a) are mainly inherited and can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and blood clots. Unlike LDL cholesterol, diet and exercise have little effect on Lp(a) levels, making early testing important.

Who Should Get Tested?

The NLA recommends Lp(a) screening for people who may be at higher risk, including:

1. People with a history of early heart disease

   • Men under 55 and women under 65 with heart disease and no clear risk factors.

   • Those with a strong family history of early heart disease.

   • People with recurrent heart disease despite good cholesterol levels.

2. People with Genetic High Cholesterol (Familial Hypercholesterolemia - FH)

   • Since Lp(a) is inherited, testing is advised for those with FH, a genetic condition that causes very high cholesterol.

3. Individuals with Unexplained Stroke

   • Especially if they are younger than 50 and there’s no clear cause.

4. People with High Heart Disease Risk

   • Testing can help refine risk assessment and guide treatment.

Why is Lp(a) Testing Important?

Unlike other cholesterol markers, Lp(a) levels stay the same for life. A one-time blood test can reveal a lifelong risk for heart disease. If Lp(a) is high, doctors may recommend:

• Stronger LDL-lowering treatments, like statins or PCSK9 inhibitors (though statins do not lower Lp(a) itself).

• New Lp(a)-lowering drugs, currently being tested.

• Lifestyle changes, like quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Take Charge of Your Heart Health

The 2019 NLA guidelines stress that Lp(a) is an overlooked heart risk factor. Testing the right patients can help prevent heart attacks and strokes.

This Heart Health Awareness Month, talk to your doctor about Lp(a) screening—especially if you have a family history of heart disease or unexplained strokes. A simple test can give you vital information about your heart health and help you take early action.

Stay Heart Smart!

Want to learn more about your heart health? Talk to your healthcare provider today. Early detection can save lives!